The principal metabolite is the microbiologically active product, desacetyl cefotaxime. Antimicrobial activity of ceftriaxone versus cefotaxime. Cefotaxime and ceftriaxone have proven to be effective in pyogenic infections of the central nervous system. Jan 22, 2018 among these, 911 patients received ceftriaxone whereas 3238 patients received ampicillin as preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis. Comparison of efficacy of cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, and ciprofloxacin for the treatment of sbp in patients with lc the safety and scientific validity of this study is the responsibility of the study sponsor and investigators. The study was conducted at the ernest oppen heimer hospital. Table 2 outlines the outcomes for children treated with the two antibiotic strategies. Cefotaxime cefotaxime for injection sodium has in vitro activity against a wide range of grampositive and gramnegative organisms. This medication is known as a cephalosporin antibiotic.
Description sterile claforan cefotaxime sodium is a semisynthetic, broad spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic for parenteral administration. Retrospective comparison of ceftriaxone versus oxacillin for. Retrospective comparison of ceftriaxone versus oxacillin. Cefotaxime versus ceftriaxone for the treatment of. Cefotaxime is a cephalosporin sef a low spor in antibiotic. Although they have an acceptable efficacy in the treatment of typhoid fever, they are less efficacious with a longer time to clinical. Ceftriaxone vs cefotaxime for treatment of haemophilus. This difference was not statistically significant fishers exact test, p. A shortage of intravenous cefotaxime sodium is being reported by the food and drug administration fda, as one of the current manufacturers has discontinued production of the cephalosporin antibiotic. With the change from first line treatment with chloramphenicol to ceftriaxone, there was a 16% reduction 32% v 27% in severe adverse outcomes for all meningitis relative risk 0. Since in some bacterial central nervous system infections the bloodcerebrospinal fluid csf barrier is either minimally impaired or recovers in the course of the illness, we studied the penetration of both antibiotics in the absence of inflamed meninges.
Cefotaxime is a thirdgeneration cephalosporin that provides increased coverage against gramnegative bacteria while maintaining fair grampositive activity. Comparison of cefotaxime with ceftriaxone given intramuscularly. In vitro studies indicate that the antibacterial action of claforan results from inhibition of cell wall synthesis. Our study compared two of these cephalosporins and showed that 2 g cefotaxime every 12 h and 4 g ceftriaxone once daily or 2 g every 12 h proved to be effective therapies for these chest indications. Fda eases restrictions on use of ceftriaxone in infants. Mic and pulsedfield gel electrophoresis studies suggest that phenotypic discrepancies may account for penicillin resistance. Our study was done in ten paediatric referral hospitals in bangladesh, egypt. Jan 31, 1994 the effects of serum albumin on the bactericidal activity of ceftriaxone and cefotaxime were also assessed by the timekill kinetic analysis. Amoxicillin is a penicillintype antibiotic that only treats infections caused by susceptible bacteria. Ceftriaxone remove ceftriaxone from your drug comparison. There may be a place for use of ceftriaxone as an alternative in a selected group of neonates who are not premature and do not have hyperbilirubinemia or a risk for developing hyperbilirubinemia. Resistance to ceftriaxone is primarily through hydrolysis by betalac.
Gentamicin is not appropriate as firstline treatment for gonorrhoea but remains potentially useful for patients with isolated genital infection, or for patients who are allergic or intolerant to ceftriaxone, or harbour a ceftriaxone resistant isolate. Data from state and county health departments found microbiological discrepancies between ceftriaxone and cefotaxime. Rocephin ceftriaxone sodium for injection rx only description. Service uf cares 3wolfson childrens hospital release. Cefotaxime versus ceftriaxone for the treatment of nosocomial. Differences in antibiotic selection in clinical practice exist according to obstetricians preferences despite clear guidelines on preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis. We compared ceftriaxone with cefotaxime in the treatment of chest infections in seriously ill patients in a prospective, randomized, controlled, singleblind study. Cefepime versus cefotaxime for empirical treatment of. Cefotaxime is an antibiotic used to treat a wide variety of bacterial infections.
Pdf comparison of ceftriaxone with cefotaxime in serious. Average plasma concentrations of ceftriaxone following a single 30minute intravenous iv. Cefotaxime medical definition merriamwebster medical. This medicine may cause tissue damage if the drug leaks from the vein. Cefotaxime cefotaxime for injection sodium has a high degree of stability in the presence of. Oral conversion was achieved in 98% of patients in each group.
Further research is required to identify and test new alternatives to ceftriaxone for the treatment of gonorrhoea. View sidebyside comparisons of medication uses, ratings, cost, side effects, interactions and more. For children, a 1428day course of treatment with ceftriaxone 75100 mgkgd in a single daily iv dose. Pdf comparison of ceftriaxone with cefotaxime in serious chest. We did a multicountry, doubleblind, placebocontrolled, randomised equivalence study of 5 versus 10 days of treatment with ceftriaxone in children aged 2 months to 12 years with purulent meningitis caused by streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae type b, or neisseria meningitidis. Passage of cefotaxime and ceftriaxone into cerebrospinal. Ceftriaxone and cefotaxime have similar effects on the. Antimicrobial activity of ceftriaxone compared with. Cesarean surgical site infections ssis can be prevented by proper preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis. Claforan cefotaxime dosing, indications, interactions. Bacteroides spp, citrobacter spp, clostridium spp, enterobacter spp, escherichia coli, haemophilus influenzae, klebsiella spp, moraxella catarrhalis, morganella morganii, neisseria gonorrhoeae, neisseria meningitidis, peptococcus spp. The decision to choose which of the newer cephalosporins to use for treatment of.
To determine patterns of use of ceftriaxone and cefotaxime cefx in victorian hospitals and to identify areas for improvement. Pdf ceftriaxone is a new, thirdgeneration cephalosporin that, because of its long halflife, offers potential advantages of cost and convenience over. Introduction ceftriaxone is widely used in children in the treatment of sepsis. Findings in those discharged with hardware in place were similar at early treatment success in 22 of 29 76% ceftriaxone vs 14 of 14 100% oxacillin. Find out what health conditions may be a health risk when taken with cefotaxime intravenous. While ciprofloxacin may not be considered the best standard comparator, this study does provide supportive data for ceftriaxone in the indication ciai. Clinical trials where ceftriaxone has been evaluated in the new born are scanty. Ceftriaxone has activity in the presence of some betalac tamases, both penicillinases and cephalosporinases, of gramnegative and grampositive bacteria. May cause allergy or asthma symptoms or breathing difficulties if inhaled. Call your doctor right away if you have any unexplained bruising or bleeding. I wants to know about comparison between ceftriaxone and. A concurrent, observational evaluation of cefx use in patients commencing a course of these drugs between 8 and 14 september, 1999, in 51 victorian hospitals. Cefotaxime side effects, dosage, interactions drugs. P 90% in openlabel and doseresponse studies, while.
Ceftriaxone was compared with cefotaxime for the treatment of serious bacterial infec tions in a prospective, randomized, doubleblind clinical trial. Jan 27, 2020 rarely, low blood cell counts have happened with cefotaxime. To reduce the development of drugresistant bacteria and maintain the effectiveness of cefotaxime sodium and other antibacterial drugs, cefotaxime should be used only to treat or prevent infections that are proven or strongly suspected to be caused by bacteria. Fiftyone patients 90 percent of whom were mechanically ventilated. Contraindications for cefotaxime intravenous webmd. Fda eases restrictions on use of ceftriaxone in infants john s.
We compared the two drugs in a prospective, randomized study of the treatment of chest infections in seriously ill patients. Any reduction in bactericidal activity was assessed by determination of the survival rate log 10 cfuml versus time hours of bacteria when exposed to a drug in broth containing 48% and 95% equivalent concentrations of serum albumin. Types of mic susceptibility test methods for ceftriaxone and cefotaxime used against s pneumoniae respiratory isolates were found to be similar. Broad spectrum cephalosporins such as ceftriaxone and cefotaxime are often used to treat serious nosocomial gramnegative bacterial infections. Claforan sterile cefotaxime for injection, usp and.
Dec 23, 2010 comparison of efficacy of cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, and ciprofloxacin for the treatment of sbp in patients with lc the safety and scientific validity of this study is the responsibility of the study sponsor and investigators. Ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, pharmacokinetics, intestinal microbiota, 16s rrna gene profiling. The principal metabolite is the microbiologically active product, desacetylcefotaxime. Broth with serum albumin contained 19 gl for timekill kinetics only and 38 gl albumin. Cefotaxime is an antibiotic used to treat a number of bacterial infections. Methods and analysis medline, pubmed, cochrane central register of controlled trials, embase, cinahl. It is given either by injection into a vein or muscle common side effects include nausea, allergic reactions, and inflammation at the site of injection. Our data confirm that a single dose of 2 g ceftriaxone should be sufficient to treat septicemia. Metronidazole was added if anaerobic infection was suspected.
Jun 16, 2017 cefotaxime cefotaxime for injection sodium has in vitro activity against a wide range of grampositive and gramnegative organisms. However, concerns have been raised about the safety of ceftriaxone, especially in young children. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of ampicillin and ceftriaxone in preventing cesarean ssis. Alternatives to consider during cefotaxime shortage. To reduce the development of drugresistant bacteria and maintain the effectiveness of rocephin and other antibacterial drugs, rocephin should be used only to treat or prevent infections that are proven or strongly suspected to be caused by bacteria. Jun 15, 2017 cefotaxime is partially metabolised prior to excretion. Gordon, in mansons tropical infectious diseases twentythird edition, 2014. Claforan cefotaxime is good for treating many bacterial infections, but it is only available as an injectable, so it is usually only used in the hospital.
It is given either by injection into a vein or muscle. Comparison of efficacy of cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, and ciprofloxacin. Ceftriaxone, sold under the brand name rocephin, is an antibiotic used for the treatment of a number of bacterial infections. Amoxicillin remove amoxicillin from your drug comparison. Immediate and long term clinical out come was good in a retrospective analysis of 72 term neonates with gram negative bacterial meningitis treated with a third generation cephalosporin and amikacin 4. Most of a dose of cefotaxime is excreted in the urine about 60% as unchanged drug and a further 24% as desacetyl cefotaxime. The decision to choose which of the newer cephalosporins to use for treatment of bacterial meningitis must be. May be harmful by inhalation, ingestion, or skin absorption. A comparison of the prophylactic efficacy of ceftriaxone and. Pdf cefotaxime and ceftriaxone use evaluation in pediatrics. Webmd provides common contraindications for cefotaxime intravenous.
Claforan cefotaxime for injection is a semisynthetic, 2aminothiazolyl cephalosporin antibiotic for parenteral use. Any reduction in bactericidal activity was assessed by determination of the survival rate log 10 cfuml versus time hours of bacteria when exposed to a drug in broth containing 48% and 95% equivalent concentrations of. Ceftriaxone is a sterile, semisynthetic, broadspectrum cephalosporin antibiotic for intravenous or intramuscular administration. Chloramphenicol or ceftriaxone, or both, as treatment for. Ceftriaxone is a new, thirdgeneration cephalosporin that, because of its long halflife, offers potential advantages of cost and convenience over similar agents such as cefotaxime. Comparison of efficacy of cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, and. Most of a dose of cefotaxime is excreted in the urine about 60% as unchanged drug and a further 24% as desacetylcefotaxime. Claforan cefotaxime dose, indications, adverse effects. The efficacy of ampicillin compared with ceftriaxone on. Cefotaxime is recommended as an alternative to ceftriaxone for the treatment of early lyme disease with acute neurological disease, for the initial treatment of hospitalized patients with lyme carditis, and for late manifestations of lyme disease. Methods and analysis medline, pubmed, cochrane central register of controlled. Current treatment is with ceftriaxone, but there is increasing evidence of antimicrobial resistance which is reducing its effectiveness against gonorrhoea. Iv erythromycin was administered to 35 patients in the ceftriaxone treated group.
Specifically it is used to treat joint infections, pelvic inflammatory disease, meningitis, pneumonia, urinary tract infections, sepsis, gonorrhea, and cellulitis. Although ceftriaxone has not commonly been used in neonates, the recent shortage of cefotaxime has allowed an opportunity to reevaluate this practice. Cefotaxime versus ceftriaxone for the treatment of nosocomial pneumonia. Clinicians should select the most appropriate agent for patients with s. Gentamicin is not appropriate as firstline treatment for gonorrhoea but remains potentially useful for patients with isolated genital infection, or for patients who are allergic or intolerant to ceftriaxone, or harbour a ceftriaxoneresistant isolate. Rocephin ceftriaxone is good for treating many bacterial infections, but it is only available as an injectable, so it is usually only used in a hospital or doctors office. Gentamicin compared with ceftriaxone for the treatment of. Cefotaxime 500mg1g powder for solution for injection or.
When the rates of resistance to chloramphenicol of cerebrospinal fluid csf isolates of steptococcus pneumoniae or haemophilus influenzae are high, the world health organisation recommends a change in standard treatment of meningitis to a third generation cephalasporin. Cefotaxime, ceftriaxone and cefoperazone have good in vitro activity against s. Clinical cure and microbiological eradication rates did not differ statistically 98% and 97% with gatifloxacin vs 92% and 92% with ceftriaxone, respectively. Plasma clearance is reported to be between 260 and 390mlminute and renal. Cefotaxime often is used in infants under 2 months of age when a thirdgeneration cephalosporin.
Ceftriaxone is an antibiotic used to treat a wide variety of bacterial infections. Ceftriaxone compared with cefotaxime for serious bacterial. The effects of serum albumin on the bactericidal activity of ceftriaxone and cefotaxime were also assessed by the timekill kinetic analysis. Thirdgeneration cephalosporins are the drugs of choice for serious nosocomial pneumonia. Surveillance databases consistently show differences between susceptibility of s. Cefotaxime is partially metabolised prior to excretion. Staphylococcus aureus is the most frequent organism isolated in osteoarticular infections. Gentamicin versus ceftriaxone for the treatment of. Gonorrhoea is a common sexually transmitted infection which causes genital pain and discomfort.
Compare amoxicillin vs ceftriaxone headtohead with other drugs for uses, ratings, cost, side effects, interactions and more. Ceftriaxone is a bactericidal agent that acts by inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis. Comparison of efficacy of cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, and ciprofloxacin for the treatment of spontaneous bacterial. Intravenous cephalosporin, 1 g, was given at induction of anesthesia, with intravenous metronidazole, 500 mg, also.
Ceftriaxone was compared with cefotaxime for the treatment of serious bacterial infections in a prospective, randomized, doubleblind clinical trial. To reduce the development of drugresistant bacteria and maintain the effectiveness of cefotaxime sodium and other antibacterial drugs, cefotaxime should be used only to treat or prevent infections that. Ceftriaxone and cefotaxime use in victorian hospitals. Our study compared two of these cephalosporins and showed that 2 g cefotaxime every 12 h and 4 g ceftriaxone once daily or 2 g every 12 h proved io be effec tive therapies for these chest indications. Cefotaxime and ceftriaxone use evaluation in pediatrics. These include middle ear infections, endocarditis, meningitis, pneumonia, bone and joint infections, intraabdominal infections, skin infections, urinary tract infections, gonorrhea, and pelvic inflammatory disease. In a study comparing cefotaxime and ceftriaxone for. Ceftriaxone 1 g iv qday, ciprofloxacin 400 mg iv bid, or levofloxacin 500 mg iv qday. The color of rocephin solutions ranges from light yellow to amber, depending on the length of storage, concentration and diluent used. Pdf comparative study of cefoperazone, ceftazidime.
920 286 670 871 884 1403 6 498 861 859 265 1097 482 954 648 95 59 157 263 1322 461 724 1143 937 20 491 17 564 610 47 896 368 333 124 660 357 533 463 61